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Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp=
2.67 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 4.00 unsettled
explanation | more
data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 7.57 nT
Bz: -6.42 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0917 UT
Coronal Holes: 10 Apr 25
Solar wind flowing from this southern coronal hole could reach Earth on April 11th. Credit: NASA/SDO | more data
Polar Stratospheric Clouds
Colorful Type II polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) form when the temperature in the stratosphere drops to a staggeringly low -85C. NASA's MERRA-2 climate model predicts when the air up there is cold enough:
On April 9, 2025, the Arctic stratosphere is much too hot for Type II clouds. | more data.
Noctilucent Clouds
The southern season for noctilucent clouds (NLCs) is finished. The first clouds were detected over Antarctica on Nov. 19, 2024, and they vanished again on Feb. 21, 2025. The action will shift to the north pole in late May 2025. Until then, the map will remain blank.
Updated: Feb. 21, 2025
An instrument onboard NOAA 21 (OMPS LP) is able to detect NLCs (also known as "polar mesospheric clouds" or PMCs). In the daily map, above, each dot is a detected cloud. As the season progresses, these dots will multiply in number and shift in hue from blue to red as the brightness of the clouds intensifies.
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts |
|
Updated at: 2025 Apr 09 2200 UTC
FLARE |
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
CLASS M |
45
% |
45
% |
CLASS X |
05
% |
05
% |
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant
disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor
storm, severe
storm
Updated at: 2025 Apr 09 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
|
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
ACTIVE |
30
% |
30
% |
MINOR |
15
% |
15
% |
SEVERE |
01
% |
01
% |
High latitudes
|
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
ACTIVE |
15
% |
15
% |
MINOR |
30
% |
30
% |
SEVERE |
45
% |
45
% |
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This is an AI Free Zone: Text created by Large Language Models is spreading across the Internet. It's well-written, but frequently inaccurate. If you find a mistake on Spaceweather.com, rest assured it was made by a real human being.
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GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G1): NOAA forecasters say that minor G1-class geomagnetic storms are possible on April 11th when a CME is expected to graze Earth's magnetic field. The CME was hurled into space by an erupting solar filament on April 8th. High-latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras mixed with nearly-full moonlight. Aurora alerts: SMS Text.
PLASMA FALLS: Imagine a waterfall made of hot plasma falling from a precipice tall enough to swallow Earth. Here it is:
"Another cloud-free day in Scotland let me catch almost 9 hours of this huge and lively prominence," says David Wilson of Inverness. Into his video, he inserted a picture of Earth to demonstrate the scale of "plasma droplets" falling to the surface of the sun.
These droplets and streamers have been seen on the sun many times before, but researchers still don't fully understand them. The mystery is this: The sun's plasma droplets fall faster than ambient magnetic forces wold seem to allow. Nuclear engineers would like to figure out how this happens, because it also happens on a smaller scale in fusion reactors on Earth, frustrating their efforts to sustain an energy-producing reaction. Studies of these prominences could lead to practical breakthroughs here on Earth.
more images: from Neo of the Netherlands; from Philippe Tosi of Nîmes, France
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
ROSE GOLD MOONSTONE PENDANT: It's one big Moonstone. On April 9, 2024, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched this premium pendant to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. For almost two hours it floated 102,800 feet above the Sierra Nevada mountains of Central California:
You can have it for $172.95. The heart-shaped moonstone is wrapped in a sterling silver frame decorated with 18K rose gold-plated roses. It makes a great anniversary or birthday gift and comes with a greeting card showing the mooonstone in flight. All sales support the student's cosmic ray research program.
Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education
COMET SWAN CONTINUES TO BRIGHTEN: More than a week after its discovery, Comet SWAN finally has an official name: C/2025 F2 (SWAN). On April 1st, amateur astronomer Michael Mattiazzo found the comet in images from SOHO's SWAN camera; then, on April 6th, he photographed it himself:
"I took this picture using a remote 0.5 meter telescope in Utah," says Mattiazzo. "At the time, Comet SWAN had a total magnitude of +9.6."
Since then, the comet has more than doubled in brightness. If current trends hold, it could brighten to magnitude +5 or +6 when it approaches the sun for a close encounter inside the orbit of Mercury on May 1st. That would make it an easy binocular object and possibly even visible to the naked eye. Stay tuned!
more images: from Chris Schur of Payson, Arizona; from Dr Paolo Candy of Ci.A.O. Cimini Astronomical Observatory, Italy; from Georg Klingersberger of Kobernaußen Upper Austria;
Realtime Comet Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
Every night, a network
of NASA
all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United
States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software
maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office
calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth
in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics.
Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Apr 10, 2025, the network reported 8 fireballs.
(8 sporadics)
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue).
[Larger image] [movies]
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs)
are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that
can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the
known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet,
although astronomers are finding new
ones all the time.
On April 10, 2025 there were 2349 potentially hazardous asteroids.
 |
Recent
& Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
| Asteroid |
Date(UT) |
Miss Distance |
Velocity (km/s) |
Diameter (m) |
| 2025 FU7 |
2025-Apr-05 |
19.8 LD |
7.9 |
22 |
| 2025 BC10 |
2025-Apr-05 |
9.7 LD |
22.9 |
475 |
| 2007 SQ6 |
2025-Apr-05 |
10.9 LD |
6.6 |
127 |
| 2025 FM12 |
2025-Apr-05 |
11 LD |
7 |
15 |
| 2025 GD |
2025-Apr-05 |
2.5 LD |
11.7 |
41 |
| 2025 GS |
2025-Apr-05 |
0.4 LD |
9.9 |
8 |
| 2025 DV40 |
2025-Apr-06 |
16.8 LD |
13.1 |
101 |
| 2025 FO15 |
2025-Apr-06 |
11.3 LD |
14.2 |
21 |
| 2025 GH1 |
2025-Apr-06 |
13.7 LD |
4.7 |
29 |
| 2025 GY |
2025-Apr-06 |
0.9 LD |
9.2 |
7 |
| 2025 FX14 |
2025-Apr-06 |
13.2 LD |
14.9 |
35 |
| 2025 GW |
2025-Apr-07 |
2.3 LD |
7.6 |
13 |
| 2003 GQ22 |
2025-Apr-07 |
19.6 LD |
8.9 |
193 |
| 2025 FF18 |
2025-Apr-08 |
8.6 LD |
7.5 |
24 |
| 2025 GT |
2025-Apr-08 |
4.6 LD |
13.4 |
15 |
| 2025 DL28 |
2025-Apr-08 |
16.2 LD |
5.6 |
41 |
| 2025 FN14 |
2025-Apr-08 |
13.6 LD |
7.9 |
39 |
| 2025 GX |
2025-Apr-09 |
8 LD |
4 |
15 |
| 2025 GA1 |
2025-Apr-09 |
12.5 LD |
5.3 |
15 |
| 2025 FX22 |
2025-Apr-10 |
10.1 LD |
12.4 |
21 |
| 2023 HG |
2025-Apr-11 |
3.7 LD |
8.6 |
14 |
| 2023 KU |
2025-Apr-11 |
2.8 LD |
18 |
119 |
| 2015 FS33 |
2025-Apr-12 |
14.6 LD |
20.7 |
107 |
| 2025 FP10 |
2025-Apr-12 |
10.8 LD |
14 |
589 |
| 2025 GK |
2025-Apr-13 |
17.3 LD |
11.9 |
37 |
| 2025 FV13 |
2025-Apr-13 |
18.2 LD |
5 |
29 |
| 2023 RX1 |
2025-Apr-13 |
18.1 LD |
1.4 |
3 |
| 2023 UH |
2025-Apr-15 |
8.8 LD |
11 |
21 |
| 2022 UO |
2025-Apr-15 |
19.8 LD |
16.2 |
18 |
| 2025 DC36 |
2025-Apr-15 |
14.2 LD |
4.9 |
61 |
| 2011 VG9 |
2025-Apr-16 |
12.2 LD |
23.8 |
124 |
| 2025 GV |
2025-Apr-17 |
15.9 LD |
17.4 |
41 |
| 2017 RN16 |
2025-Apr-17 |
10.9 LD |
8.7 |
6 |
| 2025 FL20 |
2025-Apr-17 |
13.1 LD |
3.4 |
14 |
| 2025 FY22 |
2025-Apr-19 |
9.4 LD |
9.2 |
33 |
| 2025 FK12 |
2025-Apr-20 |
9.5 LD |
7.3 |
22 |
| 2014 HS124 |
2025-Apr-22 |
10.9 LD |
8.9 |
85 |
| 2025 GD1 |
2025-Apr-22 |
4.2 LD |
5.9 |
28 |
| 2019 FY2 |
2025-Apr-24 |
12.8 LD |
5.3 |
12 |
| 462959 |
2025-Apr-25 |
12.9 LD |
9.5 |
217 |
| 2024 BF |
2025-May-01 |
9.5 LD |
4.6 |
46 |
| 2024 JM2 |
2025-May-03 |
7.2 LD |
11.3 |
62 |
| 2021 JN1 |
2025-May-06 |
18.3 LD |
16.3 |
39 |
| 2021 HZ |
2025-May-08 |
20 LD |
10.2 |
30 |
| 612356 |
2025-May-09 |
11 LD |
5.1 |
305 |
| 2021 KH |
2025-May-10 |
18.3 LD |
7.2 |
19 |
| 2011 HJ7 |
2025-May-12 |
6.6 LD |
15.8 |
118 |
| 2011 YU74 |
2025-May-13 |
11.4 LD |
5 |
90 |
| 2025 DT50 |
2025-May-14 |
16 LD |
6.4 |
105 |
| 2008 ST |
2025-May-20 |
13.5 LD |
2.5 |
14 |
| 387746 |
2025-May-24 |
17.4 LD |
8.3 |
339 |
| 2014 KF22 |
2025-May-25 |
9.1 LD |
11.5 |
19 |
| 390725 |
2025-May-25 |
18.4 LD |
13.5 |
410 |
| 2025 FU5 |
2025-May-28 |
13.4 LD |
7.3 |
92 |
| 2022 KP3 |
2025-May-30 |
10.2 LD |
7.7 |
7 |
| 424482 |
2025-Jun-05 |
9.1 LD |
6.2 |
421 |
| 2020 LQ |
2025-Jun-06 |
17.3 LD |
11.8 |
34 |
| 2018 LE4 |
2025-Jun-07 |
12.2 LD |
13.3 |
62 |
| 2014 LL26 |
2025-Jun-08 |
8 LD |
5.2 |
31 |
|
Notes: LD means
"Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance
between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256
AU.
| |
Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere |
SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 10 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.
Latest results (Nov. 2024): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2024. Our latest measurements in November registered a 10-year low:
What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.
.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.
Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.
| |
The
official U.S. government space weather bureau |
| |
The
first place to look for information about sundogs,
pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. |
| |
Researchers
call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO
is the most advanced solar observatory ever. |
| |
3D
views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial
Relations Observatory |
| |
Realtime
and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. |
| |
information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary |
| |
current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page. See also, all satellite statistics. |
| |
Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries |
| |
from
the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| |
fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. |
| |
from the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| |
the
underlying science of space weather |
 |
Got a chipped or cracked windshield that prevents you from seeing space weather events while driving? Get windshield replacement from SR Windows & Glass with free mobile auto glass service anywhere in the Phoenix area. |
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BestCSGOGambling is the best site for everything related to CSGO gambling on the web |
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